Motor grader



J. H. ROBERTS July 8, 1969 MOTOR GRADER Sheet Filed April 4, 1966 ANNDNA

July 8, 1969 J. H. ROBERTS V 3,454,109

MOTOR GRADER I Filed April 4, 1966 Sheet 3 of 5 I JAMES HRoBERTs,

Sheet 3 0193 July 8 1969 .1. H. ROBERTS MOTOR GRADER Filed April 4; 1966V mm mm s v R T E o m N M w o ERq M M S E rnruulnL 1 r| "w F WWINUHHHHHH HHHIHMH 7 mm mW/ w OF E U .W U0 H m 2 WM H w 3& 1 PW m g 0 WWPm F M 1|: w :0 W N U F Mb N M HI 1H: 1 II IHr .HHnH n v m. w M #w mIIIIIIIIIIL wm Q. L f m Mm w mw w .m 7 wk. 1 w ow F m 7/ United StatesPatent 3,454,109 MOTOR GRADER James H. Roberts, Galion, Ohio, assignorto Jeffrey gggion Manufacturing Company, a corporation of Filed Apr. 4,1966, Ser. No. 539,969 Int. Cl. E02f 3/85; B62d 61/10, 3/06 U.S. Cl.172-781 9 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A motor grader in which theframe has a box-like frame section at the rear of the frame. The motorand drive transmission are attached in a unit assembly, and are mountedon the box-like frame section from above, with the drive transmissionextending downwardly to below the box-like frame section. The lateraldrive axle and the tandem drive cases are attached in a unit assembly,and are mounted on the box like frame section from below. An externaldrive element is connected to the drive transmission and to the driveaxle to drive the drive axle from the drive transmission.

The instant invention relates to an improved construction of motorgraders.

Motor graders which are used in the construction of roads and othergrading operations are characterized by an elongated main frame whichextends the length of the machine. The front of the motor grader issupported on steering wheels, by which the grader is steered, and therear of the motor grader is supported on drive wheels which propel themotor grader over the ground surface on which it is operating. There isa drawbar which is connected to the front of the main frame. The drawbarextends rearwardly from the front of the main frame and below the mainframe, and carries the blade of the motor grader. The drawbar and theblade are adjustable to various positions to set the blade for workingon the road surface. The motor, which powers the motor grader, isdisposed at the rear of the main frame. A transmission is connected tothe motor and to the other drive elements to transmit the power of themotor to the drive wheels, to propel the motor grader.

It is an object of this invention to provide an improved construction ofthe motor grader with a more rigid construction of the main frame onwhich the various elements of the motor grader are mounted, and havingan improved and more eflicient organization of the several power anddriving elements of the motor grader.

Other objects of the invention will appear hereinafter, the novelfeatures and combinations being set forth in the appended claims.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of a motor grader constructed inaccordance with this invention;

FIG. 2 is a side elevational view, partially in section, of the rear ofthe motor grader;

FIG. 3 is a partial rear elevation-a1 view, partially in section, of themotor grader;

FIG. 4 is a plan view, partially in section, of the rear of the motorgrader; and

FIG. 5 is a side elevational view, partially in section, of the motorgrader, taken on the line 55 in FIG. 4.

Referring to the drawings, and particularly to FIG. 1, there isillustrated therein a motor grader having an elongated main frame 11which extends from the front end to the rear end of the motor grader 10.A pair of steering wheels 12 support the front of the frame 11 on theground or road surface. There is an operators station 13 on the frame11, located at a position somewhat 3,454,109 Patented July 8, 1969behind the mid-length of the latter. The operators station 13 includes asteering wheel 14, and universally jointed connecting rods 15, 16 thatconnect the steering wheel 14 to a steering gear 17, which is usually ofthe hydraulic power type, to control the turning of the steering wheels12. The motor grader also includes mechanism for leaning the steeringwheels 12, which function is utilized in some motor grader operations tomaintain the grader on course.

A drawbar 20 is disposed below the frame 11. A ball and socket joint 21connects the drawbar 20 to the front of the main frame 11 and provides auniversal connection. The drawbar 20 extends rea rwardly from the frontof the main frame 11 and is disposed below the latter. A pair of hangrods 22, disposed one on each side of the frame 11, connect to thedrawbar 20 to support the latter. The hang rods 22 may be raised andlowered by hydraulic cylinders 23, operating through mechanicalconnections 24 to the hang rods 22. The operation of the hydrauliccylinders 23 is controlled at the operators station 13 by individualhydraulic controls which are included in a bank of hydraulic controls25. The hang rods 22 at the opposite sides of the frame 11 may be raisedand lowered together to raise and lower the drawbar 20, and either ofthe hang rods 22 may be raised or lowered individually to incline thedrawbar 20 laterally of the frame 11. There is also a side shiftmechanism 26 by which the drawbar 20' may be swung to either side of thelongitudinal center line of the frame 11 to adjust its position withrespect to such center line. The side shift 26 is operated by ahydraulic mechanism, and is controlled from the operators station .13 bya hydraulic control in the hydraulic control bank 25.

The drawbar 20 carries a circle 27 that is rotatably adjustable on thedrawbar 20 about an upright axis. A pair of supporting arms 28 dependfrom the circle 27 on'opposite sides of the drawbar 20 and support theblade 29 below the drawbar 20 so that it may be brought into engagementwith the ground surface for working on the latter. The severaladjustments of the position of the drawbar 20, which have been describedabove, are to adjust the blade 29, to set its position on the ground orroad surface for working the latter. The circle 27 may be rotated on thedrawbar 20 by a hydraulic power mechanism controlled from the hydrauliccontrol bank 25 to set the angle of the blade 29 on the ground or roadsurface.

The rear of the main frame 11 is supported by a pair of drive wheels 30,31 at one side of the grader 10, and a like pair of drive wheels 32, 33at the opposite side of the grader 10. The drive wheels 30, 31 arerotatably mounted on a tandem drive case 34, and the drive wheels 32, 33are rotatably mounted on a tandem drive case 35. The tandem drive cases34, 35 are disposed at opposite sides of the main frame 11, and eachtandem drive case 34, 35 is oscillatably mounted on a lateral drive axle36, whereby the drive wheels 30, 31, 32, 33 are free to adjust theirpositions upwardly and downwardly, in accordance wtih any irregularitiesof the ground surface, so that they are always in driving engagementwith the ground to efficiently propel the motor grader 10.

The rear of the frame 11 has a pair of longitudinally extending sidebeams 37, 38, which are laterally spaced from each other to form a frameopening 39 therebetween as best seen in FIGS. 3 and 4. Each longitudinalside beam 37, 38 may be formed of a channel structural element 40 and aplate 41, which closes the open side of the channel 40* and is securedtherein, as by welding, to provide a box section of each side beam 37,38.

A trail frame member 42, having a somewhat triangular configuration, issecured to the rear end of the side beam 37 in a depending position. Alike tail frame member 43 is secured to the side beam 38. The members42, 43 may be secured to the respective side beams 37, 38, as bywelding. A lateral rear frame member 44 extends across the rear ends ofthe side beams 37, 38, including the tail members 42, 43, and is fixedlysecured thereto as by welding. Another lateral frame member 45 isdisposed at a position spaced forwardly of the rear frame member 44, andextends transversely between the side beams 37, 38. The lateral member45 is fixedly secured to the side beams 37, '38, as by welding. Alateral rib 46 is disposed transversely between the side beams 37, 38and adjacent to the lateral frame member 45. The rib 46 is fixedlysecured to the side beams 37, 38 and to the frame member 45, as bywelding. The several elements, comprising the side beams 37, 38 themembers 4 43, the lateral members 44, 45 and the rib 46 are effectivelyunited to form a rigid box-like frame section 47 at the rear of the mainframe 11. Such box-like frame section 47 includes the frame opening 39,which is between the side beams 37, 38.

The motor 50 supplies power for operating the motor grader and isdisposed in the frame opening 39 and extends substantially above thebox-like frame section 47. A drive transmission 51 is disposed in frontof the motor 50 on the box-like frame section 47 and extends downwardlythrough the frame opening 39 to a position below the box-like framesection 47. The transmission 51 is operatively connected to the motor50, and these form a motor-transmission assembly that may be handled asa unit.

A supporting element 52 is secured to each of the side beams 37, 38. Thesupporting elements 52 extend inwardly from the respective side beams37, 38 to a position below the motor 50, and the latter is mounted onthe supporting elements 52 and secured thereto by a plurality of bolts53, or like means. A supporting element 54 is secured to each of theside beams 37, 38. The supporting elements 54 extend inwardly from therespective side beams 37, 38, and the transmission 51 is mounted on suchsupporting elements 54 and is secured thereto as by a plurality of bolts55. Thus, the motor 50 and transmission 51 assembly may set in the frameopening 39 as a unit on the several supporting elements 52, 54, andsecured in place on the latter by bolts 53, 55, respectively.

A mounting pad 57 is secured to the underside of the side beam 37, and alike mounting pad 58 is secured to the underside of the side beam 38.The pads 57, 58 are aligned with each other in the transverse direction,and are placed at a position below the motor 50. The lateral drive axle36 is mounted on the box-like frame section 47, and is secured to thepads 57, 58 as by a plurality of bolts 59. The drive axle 36 extendstransversely to the opposite sides of the box-like frame section 47 topositions that are beyond the side beams 37, 38, as bset seen in FIG. 4.

The drive axle 36 is driven from the transmission 51 by a longitudinallydisposed drive shaft 60 that forms the drive element connecting thetransmission 51 to the drive axle 36. The drive shaft 60 has a universalconnection 61 to the transmission 51, and anothe-r like universalconnection 62 to the drive axle 36.

A parking brake 63- is placed between the universal connection 62 and apinion shaft 64. The drive axle 36 is formed with a housing 65 forenclosing the several elements of the drive axle 36. The pinion shaft 64is rotatably mounted in the housing 65 on several suitable bearings. Theinner end of the pinion shaft 64 is formed with a bevel pinion gear 66that is disposed on a longitudinal axis. A driven bevel gear 67 isdisposed on the transverse axis of the drive axle 36, and is engagedwith the bevel pinion gear 66 to be driven by the latter. The bevelpinion gear 66 is of smaller diameter than the driven bevel gear 67 sothat there is a speed reducing drive of the drive axle 36 by the bevelgears 66, 67. The bevel gear 67 is mounted on an enlarged hub 68 whichis rotatably supported in the housing 65 on suitable bearings. There aretwo axle shafts 69, 70 which are oppositel'y disposed on the transverseaxis of the drive axle 36, and are fixedly secured to the hub 68-, as bysplined connections.

The construction of the drive axle 36 on opposite sides of the drivenbevel gear 67 is the same, and accordingly, the description willcontinue with respect to the axle shaft 69 and the one side of the driveaxle 36. The axle shaft 69 extends through an elongated hub 71 and isrotatable with respect to the latter. The hub 71 is rotatably supportedin the housing on several suitable bearings. The outer end of the hub 71is formed with an annular flange 72 that is disposed beyond the sidebeam 37. The axle shaft 69 extends further beyond the flange 72.

The tandem drive case 34 is fixedly secured to the annular flange 72, asby a plurality of bolts 73, to mount and support the tandem drive case34 on the drive axle 36 and on the box-like frame section 47. The tandemdrive case 35 is mounted and supported on the drive axle 36 and on thebox-like frame section 47, in like manner, on the opposite side thereof.Thus the tandem drive case 34 is oscillatable with respect to thebox-like frame section 47, by reason of the rotatable mounting of theelongated hub 71 in the housing 65 of the lateral drive axle 36. Thetandem drive case 35 is also oscillatable on the opposite side of thebox-like frame section 47. The tandem drive cases 34, 35 are alike inconstruction, but are oppositely disposed, and it will be understoodthat the description of the tandem drive case 34, that follows, is alsodescriptive of the tandem drive case 35.

The axle shaft 69 extends into the tandem drive case 34 and is rotatabletherein on suitable bearing means. A drive sprocket 75 is secured to theaxle shaft 69, as by a splined connection, and is driven by rotation ofthe axle shaft 69. A driven sprocket 76 is secured to an intermediateshaft 77, as by welding. A sprocket chain 79 is engaged with thesprockets 75, 76 for transmitting the drive from the drive sprocket 75to the driven sprocket 76. The sprocket 75 is of smaller diameter thanthe sprocket 76, so that this is a speed reducing chain and sprocketdrive. The shaft 77 has a cylindrical form and is rotatably mounted bysuitable bearings on a journal 78, which is fixedly secured in thetandem drive case 34.

A drive sprocket 80 is fixedly secured to the intermediate shaft 77, asby welding, so as to be driven by the shaft 77. A sprocket chain 81connects the sprocket 80 to a driven sprocket 82. The drive sprocket 80is a smaller diameter than the driven sprocket 82, to provide a furtherspeed reducing chain and sprocket drive.

A wheel axle 83 is rotatably mounted in the tandem drive case 34 onseveral suitable bearings. The driven sprocket 82 is fixedly secured tothe wheel axle 83, as by welding, thereby to drive the latter. The wheelaxle 83 projects outwardly of the tandem drive case 34, to mount thedrive wheel 30 which is secured to the wheel axle 83, on the splined endthereof, by means of a nut 84.

The first chain and sprocket drive, comprising the sprockets 75, 76 andthe chain 79, eflects a first speed reducing drive to the drive wheel30, and lies in an inner plane that is disposed laterally or radiallywith respect to the axis of the drive axle 36. The second chain andsprocket drive, including the sprockets 80, 82 and the chain 81, effectsa further speed reducing drive to the wheel 30, so that there is adouble reduction drive in the tandem drive case 34 for the wheel 30'.The second chain and sprocket drive lies in an outer plane which isparallel to the aforementioned inner plane, and is spaced with rsepectto the latter along the axis of the drive axle 36.

The tandem drive case 34 also includes a double re duction chain andsprocket drive to the drive wheel 31. There is a drive sprocket 85 whichis secured to the axle shaft 69, as by a splined connection. A drivensprocket 86 is fixedly secured to an intermediate shaft 87, as bywelding, and the shaft 87 is rotatably supported on a journal 88 byseveral suitable bearings. The journal 88 is fixedly secured in thetandem drive case 34. A sprocket chain 89' engages the drive sprocket 85and the driven sprocket 86 to transmit the drive.

A drive sprocket 90 is fixedly secured to the intermediate shaft 87, asby Welding, and is rotatably driven by the latter. A sprocket chain 91is engaged with the sprocket 90 and with a driven sprocket 92 totransmit the drive to the latter. The driven sprocket 92 is fixedlysecured to a wheel axle 93, as by welding. The wheel axle 93 isrotatably mounted in the tandem drive case 34 on several bearings, andprojects laterally outwardly of the tandem drive case 34 to receive adrive wheel 31 that is mounted on the splined end of the wheel axle 93and is secured to the latter by a nut 94.

The chain and sprocket drive, including the sprockets 85, 86 and thechain 89, effects a first speed reducing drive, and the chain andsprocket drive, comprising the sprockets 90, 92 and the chain 91,effects a further speed reducing drive for the wheel axle 93 and thedrive wheel 31. This is like the double reduction chain and sprocketdrives for the drive wheel 30, it being understood that the drive wheels30, 31 are driven at the same speed. The first chain and sprocket drive,comprising the sprockets 85, 86 and the chain 89, and the final chainand sprocket drive, comprising the sprockets 90, 92 and the chain 91,are disposed in the aforementioned inner and outer planes, except thatthey are oppositely or alternately disposed as are the chain andsprocket drives for the drive wheel 30, as best seen in FIG. 4. Thus,the several chain and sprocket drives for the drive wheels 30, 31 arestaggered with respect to each other within the tandem drive case 34.

The lateral drive axle 36, with the tandem drive cases 34, 35 secured tothe opposite ends of the drive axle 36, and the several drive wheels 30,31, 32, 33, together form an assembly which may be secured as such tothe pads 57, 58 by means of several bolts 59. The transmission 51 isconnected to the drive axle 36 by the longitudinal drive shaft 60, whichmay be readily connected in its place by means of the universal joints61, 62.

The frame 11 is formed with the rigid box-like frame section 47 at therear thereof. The motor 50 and the transmission 51 are mounted on thisbox-like frame section 47. Likewise, the lateral drive axle 36, thetandem drive cases 34, 35, and the several drive wheels 30, 31, 32, 33are mounted on the box-like frame section 47. The motor 50 is disposedin the frame opening 39 of the box-like frame section 47 and is disposedsubstantially above the latter, while the transmission is mounted in theframe opening 39 and extends downwardly through the frame opening 39 toa position below the box-like frame section 47. The lateral drive axle36 is secured to the boxlike frame section 47, below the latter andbelow the motor 50. The transmission 51 is connected to the drive axle36 by the longitudinal drive shaft 60, thereby to drive the drive axle36 and the chain and sprocket drives within the tandem drive cases 34,35, for operation of the drive Wheels 32, 33 to propel the motor grader10.

Obviously those skilled in the art may make various changes in thedetails and arrangement of parts without departing from the spirit andscope of the invention, and applicant therefore wishes not to berestricted to the precise construction herein disclosed.

Having thus described and shown an embodiment of the invention, what itis desired to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. A motor grader having an elongated frame which is longitudinallydisposed and extends from the front end to the rear end of the motorgrader, steering wheels at the front of the motor grader to support themotor grader on the ground and to steer the motor grader, a drawbar,means connecting the drawbar to said frame at the front of the motorgrader, said drawbar being disposed to extend rearwardly from the frontof the motor grader, a blade carried by said drawbar below said frame ina laterally directed position to operate on a ground surface, drivewheels at the rear of said motor grader to support the motor grader onthe ground and to propel the motor grader, said frame at the rear ofsaid motor grader including oppositely disposed side beams that extendlongitudinally of said'motor grader, said side beams being laterallyspaced from each other to provide a frame opening therebetween, at leastone lateral frame member disposed transversely of said side beams, meansto fixedly secure said lateral frame member to said side beams inposition to extend transversely between said side beams to form a rigidbox-like frame section of said side beams and said lateral frame memberat the rear of said motor grader, said box-like frame section includingsaid frame opening, a motor for supplying power to said motor grader, adrive transmission operatively connected to said motor to deliver powerfrom the motor, means to attach said drive transmission to said motor toform the motor and the drive transmission as a unit assembly in themotor grader, first supports on said side beams, second supports on saidside beams, said first supports and said second supports being disposedin said frame opening of said box-like frame section and facing upwardlyto mount said motor and said drive transmission unit assembly on thefirst and second supports from above said box-like frame section, saidmotor being disposed substantially above said box-like frame sectionwith said drive transmission attached to the motor and the drivetransmission extending downwardly through said frame opening to aposition below said box-like frame section, a lateral drive axle adaptedto extend transversely to opposite sides of said box-like frame sectionto positions that are located beyond said side beams, a tandem drivecase for each end of said drive axle, means to attach a tandem drivecase to each end of said drive axle to form the drive axle and thetandem drive cases as a unit assembly in the motor grader, saidattaching means including means for oscillation of said tandem drivecases relatively to said drive axle, drive means in said tandem drivecase operatively connected to said drive axle to be driven by the driveaxle, said drive wheels including two drive wheels mounted on eachtandem drive case to be drive cases from below said box-like framesection, said side beams at the frame opening of said box-like framesection, said third supports facing downwardly to mount said unitassembly of said drive axle and said tandem drive cases from below andbox-like frame section, said unit assembly of said drive axle and saidtandem drive cases being disposed substantially below said box-likeframe section with the drive axle disposed in alignment with the part ofsaid drive transmission that extends downwardly through said frameopening to below the box-like frame section, an external drive elementwith an external connection to said drive transmission and anotherexternal connection to said drive axle to drive the drive axle from saiddrive transmission, and said external drive element being disposed belowsaid box-like frame section.

2. A motor grade-r as recited in claim 1 in which said first supportsextend inwardly of said frame opening, said motor being mounted on saidfirst supports in said frame opening, means securing the motor to saidfirst supports thereby to support the motor on said box-like framesection, and said drive transmission being disposed in front of saidmotor.

3. A motor grader as recited in claim 1 in which said first supports andsaid second supports each extend inwardly of said frame opening to saidmotor and drive transmission unit assembly for mounting said motor anddrive transmission unit assembly on said first supports and on saidsecond supports, respectively, and means securing said motor and drivetransmission unit assembly to said first and second supports thereby tosupport the motor and drive transmission unit assembly and said boxlikeframe section.

4. A motor grader as recited in claim 1 having a lateral frame memberdisposed to extend across the rear ends of said side beams thereby toclose the rear end of said elongated frame, another lateral frame memberdisposed at a position that is spaced forwardly of the first saidlateral frame member and extending across and between said side beams,and each of said lateral frame members being fixedly secured to saidside beams to form said rigid box-like frame section.

5. A motor grader as recited in claim 1 in which said external driveelement for connecting said drive transmission to said drive axlecomprises a drive shaft that is disposed in the longitudinal direction,a universal joint connection of said drive shaft to said drivetransmission, and a universal joint connection of said drive shaft tosaid drive axle.

6. A motor grader having an elongated frame which is longitudinallydisposed and extends from the front end to the rear end of the motorgrader, steering wheels at the front of the motor grader to support themotor grader on the ground and to steel the motor grader, a drawbar,means connecting the drawbar to said frame at the front of the motorgrader, said drawbar being disposed to extend rearwardly from the frontof the motor grader, a blade carried by said drawbar below said frame ina laterally directed position to operate on a ground surface, drivewheels at the rear of said motor grader to support the motor grader onthe ground and to propel the motor grader, said frame at the rear ofsaid motor grader being formed with a box-like frame section, a motorfor supplying power to said motor grader, a drive transmissionoperatively connected to said motor to deliver power from the motor,means to attach said drive transmission to said motor to form the motorand the drive transmission as a unit assembly in the motor grader, meansto mount said motor and drive transmission unit assembly on saidbox-like frame section and from above said boxlike frame section, saidmotor being disposed substantially above said box-like frame sectionwith said drive transmission attached to the motor and the drivetransmission extending downwardly through the box-like frame section toa position below the box-like frame section, a lateral drive axledisposed below said box-like frame section and extending transversely topositions that are located at opposite sides of the frame, a tandemdrive case for each end of said drive axle, means to attach a tandemdrive case to each end of said drive axle to form the drive axle and thetandem drive cases as a unit assembly in the motor grader, saidattaching means including means for oscillation of said tandem drivecases relatively to said drive axle, means to mount said unit assemblyof said drive axle and said tandem drive cases on said boxlike framesection and from below said box-like frame section, said unit assemblyof said drive axle and said tandem drive cases being disposedsubstantially below said box-like frame section with the drive axledisposed in alignment with the part of the drive transmission thatextends downwardly through the box-like frame section, an external driveelement with an external connection to said drive transmission andanother external connection to said drive axle to drive the drive axlefrom said drive transmission, said drive wheels including two drivewheels for each tandem drive case, a wheel axle for each drive wheel torotatably mount the drive wheel on said tandem drive case, chain andsprocket drive means in said tandem drive case connected to said driveaxle to be driven by the drive axle, an intermediate shaft in saidtandem drive case, means connecting said chain and sprocket drive meansto said intermediate shaft to drive the intermediate shaft by the chainand sprocket drive means, another chain and sprocket drive means in saidtandem drive case connected to said intermediate shaft to be driven bythe intermediate shaft and connected to said wheel axle to drive thewheel axle and said drive wheel.

7. A motor grader as recited in claim 6 in which there is a chain andsprocket drive means in said tandem drive case for each -wheel axle,said chain and sprocket drive means for the respective 'Wheel axlesextending forwardly and rearwardly from said drive axle, the first saidchain and sprocket drive means and the last said chain and sprocketdrive means being disposed in spaced planes that are laterally disposedwith respect to said drive axle and with respect to said wheel axles,and the chain and sprocket drive means for the respective wheel axlesbeing alternately disposed in said spaced planes.

8. A motor grader as recited in claim 6 including inwardly directedsupports on said box-like frame section for mounting said motor and saiddrive transmission unit assembly, means securing said motor and saiddrive transmission assembly to said support elements thereby to supportsaid motor and said drive transmission assembly on said box-like framesection, and said drive element comprising a longitudinally disposedshaft connected to said drive transmission and connected to said driveaxle.

9. A motor grader as recited in claim 6 in which said drive elementcomprises a longitudinally disposed shaft, and a universal connection ofsaid shaft to said drive transmission and another universal connectionof said shaft to said drive axle to drive the drive axle from thetransmission.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,608,069 11/ 1926 Lacey et al.2,018,862 10/1935 Meyer. 2,287,43 8 6/ 1942 Lindsay. 3,269,479 8/ 1966MacDonald 22 FOREIGN PATENTS 1,001,892 10/1951 France.

587,892 5/ 1947 Great Britain.

ABRAHAM G. STONE, Primary Examiner.

A. E. KOPECKI, Assistant Examiner.

US. Cl. X.R. 180-22

